Ergonomics Essay example -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

ErgonomicsErgonomics, as defined by the plank of Certification for Professional Ergonomists (BCPE), is a body of knowledge about valet abilities, human limitations and human characteristics that are relevant to design. Ergonomic design is the practical application of this body of knowledge to the design of tools, machines, systems, deputes, jobs, and environments for safe, comfortable and effective human usage. The term ergonomics is derived from the Greek word ergos mean action and nomos meaning natural laws of or study of. The profession has two major branches with appreciable overlap. One discipline, any(prenominal)times referred to as industrial ergonomics, or occupational biomechanics, concentrates on the strong-arm aspects of stool and human capabilities much(prenominal) as force, posture, and repetition. A bet on branch, sometimes referred to as human factors, is oriented to the psychological aspects of work such(prenominal) as mental loading and decision-making. T he profession is comprised of practicing and academic engineers, safety professionals, industrial hygienists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, nurse practitioners, chiropractors, and occupational medicine physicians. History of Ergonomics.Christensen, an unspoilt in the said field, points out that the importance of a good get together among humans and tools was probably realized early in the organic evolution of the species. Indeed cavemen are known to give way selected stone tools and made scoops from antelope castanets in a clear display of selecting/creating objects to make tasks easier to accomplish. In the work environment, the selection and creation of tools, machines, and work processes continued. Over centuries, the effectiveness of hammers, axes and plows improved. With the Industrial Revolution, machines such as the spinning jenny (a machine that produced yarn to make cloth) and turn mills (a method of flattening iron ore into flat sheets) were develope d to improve work processes. This is the same motivation behind much of ergonomics today. The association between occupations and injuries of body muscles and bones were documented centuries ago. Bernardino Ramazinni (1633-1714) wrote about work-related complaints (that he saw in his medical practice) in the 1713 supplement to his 1700 publication, De Morbis Artificum (Diseases of Workers). Wojciech Jastrzebowski created the word ergonomics in 1857 ... ...ngineering Controls) fallback steps, external handles and multilevel shelving have been installed in delivery trucks to make inlet to beverage cases easier. Counterbalancing devices have been added to improve hand truck stability. Beverage cartons have been redesigned for easier handling. The total weight was decreased by substituting plastic for some glass containers. Ergonomic Solution (Benefits) Reduced risk factor exposure. Employee satisfaction. change physical and psychological comfort. Ergonomic Solution (Method Which Ve rified Effectiveness) Quantitative tests of fondness rate, stress/fatigue levels and discomfort reports showed statistically significant improvements in physical and psychological comfort, providing scientific justification for the changes. ReferencesR.S. Bridger. (1995) Introduction to Ergonomics. McGraw-Hill International EditionsK.H.E. Kroemer & E. Grandjean. (1999) Fitting the task to the human Taylor & Francis PublishingsThe Human factors section, Health, Safety & Human factors laboratory, Eastman Kodak Company. (1983)Ergonomic design for peck at work Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York www.ergoweb.com