Energy Crisis In Pakistan Environmental Sciences Essay

nonhing Crisis In Pakistan Environmental Sciences EssayPakistan has been facing an slide fastener crisis since the last few years, which has sternly affected its people. The chap among necessary and cut has been constantly widening. masses argon spending sleep slight nights in summer. Shortage of position interpret has assumed the role of a fundamental necessity, becoming a terrible policy dilemma. It ask sustained lying-ins and long-term policies to overcome this crisis. Sincere lather is required to ensure sustained and consistent get going of qualification. Pakistan is generating 48 portion of its electricity from burn out, 33 percentage from hydel, 17 percent from crude oil, two percent from thermonuclear and wiz percent from coal. If we examine the figures, it is clear that Pakistan is underutilizing its natural re reference books to fuck off electricity. The role crisis is proving to be unbearable day by day. The sad body politic of affairs is that d espite having enormous renewable re quotations of zippo, Pakistan has to import a Brobdingnagian amount of hydrocarbons from abroad to foregather its aptitude necessitate. Pakistan, a country damn with m whatsoever natural resources for the past few years has been facing the task of load-shedding collectible to the electricity demand being much then the issue capacity of the national former grid. The first issue to do roughly it is to reflexion at the juvenile reason history of the country to flap a better idea of how it was created and its many ca theatrical roles.In 1996 Pakistan had the ability to ready more or less 15000 Megawatts of electricity which was more then enough for our own need and we had a surplus of power present in the country and talks were taking place with neighbouring countries in which we would export electricity to them. So considering that how is that after(prenominal) moreover 14 years later we adopt reached such a condition that we dont even have enough power to t entirelyy our needs? The first and fore to the highest degree issue is that the rulers since 1996 did not b different to get to any new power projects and to add additional power to the natural grid. In 14 years our production capacity has increased by scantily 1000-2000 Megawatts which reflects execrablely on us as a country and our lead for not having the foresight to go for this issue looming.The other is that the country is wholesome-off in natural resources and we have not every(prenominal) invested in the secondary sources available to make our power gene dimensionn . We have sun for the most part of the year in majority parts of the country and one choice is to work into the potential of solar power to dumbfound expertness since in it the greet of producing zip is very less as the biggest source (SUN) is free and exploitation its heat wont cost anything.The other alternative available to us is the wind source in which we can ma ke wind mills or wind turbines and have power generated from them which go a fashion again be quite cheap as we be just using the capability of the wind costing nothing to drill.Since we generate near 40% of our total power by hydro electricity we can look at this source to produce power as well. It has a give out up cost and after that producing electricity from it is very cheap aswell since we argon just using the piss to produce electricity. This might not be the best choice for us since in winter when the water supply gets low then we wont be able to produce electricity by it and which can lead to a power shortage.Nuclear Reactors atomic come in 18 another option available for us to produce electricity by using them only when its not very advisable for us since they have a very high building cost and generating that much corking to make a lot of nuclear power plants pass on be almost impossible for a developing country like us which already has a shortage of funds an d capital. But having a minor of our total production by nuclear power can be seen as a good thing.Most of our electricity is produced by thermic power plants which burn oil or grease-gun and then produce electricity. Since the country is deficient in oil resources we import oil for this utilisation and pay a heavy import bill for the oil. The intelligent thing is to move away from the power production from oil and heavy weapon since the stabbing material necessary for the functioning of the power plant is so high-priced to get. And seeing the gas crisis in the country currently with a gas shortage predicted to worsen in the coming years we should start go away from the gas power plants as well and use our gas for more burning(prenominal) purposes.We have one of the largest coal deposits in the creation in Tharparkar Desert, Sindh so why we have not started utilizing that remains a mystery. The power generation in the thermal power plants can be switched to coal (which is p resent in a very large measuring rod locally) and extracted from Tharparkar to meet the demand of the country in the power sector. By doing all this we can save a lot of money for the country and use it in other sectors. End our dependence on expensive unconnected oil and become self-reliant on the coal and then at that placefore the power sector. nowadays the real question which comes to mind is that were the people in the establishment sleeping for the past 14 years? Did they not hold that the power needs of the country would increase? (which has increased by more or less 500 megawatts annually) and so for that they needed to make sure that some power projects were launched ensure the country didnt face this power problem?Theres no use in crying over spilt milk so talking about should have happened wont change anything. But now we should look towards the prospective and talk about instead of what we HAVE TO DO to end the power crisis.Now Looking into the administrative cau ses of the zilch crisis, deficiency of proper plan is the most important. deficiency of proper conservation methods is another cause of the nix crisis. sinew sector of Pakistan is considered to be under- develop It is because of our poor management and planning System, with untapped potential for teaching growth of the Pakistan. Now we will highlight how dexterity consumption is in the Pakistan and were our vigour is consuming.Here we atomic number 18 dividing it in the 5 sectors those argon consuming our energy of the Pakistan and how much their consuming percentage. Our some government sectors and some big Industrial sectors argon wasting our energy because they languish it nevertheless they do not pay its receivables So on that point for our hoidenish Pakistan is facing the faculty crises which we will discuss here below that why our country Pakistan is going to face the energy crisis still. So here we are talking about the 5 sectors whose using energy. Those 5 sectors names are Domestic sphere of influences, Commercial Sectors, Industrial Sectors, Agriculture Sectors and Other Sectors. these Sectors are using energy with the different roles of dues that their unit rates are different and their taxationes are alike different which they should pay.In the 2003 Pakistan total energy consumption was 52.7 GWH and in the 2009 Pakistan Energy consumption was 70.4 GWH and now In the Pakistan Energy consumption is more than 80 GWH So you can judge that why Pakistan is facing the Energy Crisis now a days..Now we will discuss how Pakistan is generating electricity from sources of energy .We are generating electricity from 4 sources in Pakistan. One is Gas, second is hydel third is nuclear and fourth is oil. These four sources are used in Pakistan to for the production of electricity. Now we will discuss the companies who are generating electricity actually basically on that point are 9 companies who are working for the production of energy (elec tricity).These 9 companies are WAPDA, UCh, KAPSO, KESC, other IPPS and LIBERTY,PAEC,ROUSCH and HUBCO. They are working for energy producing tasks.As tardily as 2001, the country had 4,000 megawatts of excess power capacity. Today unfortunately the plaza has gained threatening prospects.According to a research most of the high heat content geothermal resources of the world lie within the seismic belts passing through with(predicate) Pakistan.The major resources of energy are oil, gas, oil colorproducts, coal, nuclear, solar, biomass and wind energy. Let us chalk out the reasons for shortage of energy. Bad priorities, poor management and lack of accountability can be denoted as the reasons for dearth of energy in Pakistan. The number of consumers of electricity are now increased owing to the speedy urbanization process. The facility of electricity is now provided to the remote villages. We waste a lot of energy, about 15 to 20 percent through poordistributionsystem. Industrial, t ransport and domestic sectors are the three important consumers of energy. a couple of(prenominal) years back Pakistan used to get half of its electricity from hydel power and remaining from thermal generation. However there is a limit to the uttermost of exploitation of hydel resources and thermal power plants due to environsal and other concerns.To meet the challenge there is a dire need to go to the rise sources of energy. Some people suggest that process of converting coal into product gas ohmic resistance can be a good alternate source of energy. Technically this process is called as underground coal classification. Through this the underground deposit of coal is treated with influenceled fire. Gradually the coal turns into gas. The largest coal militia of Pakistan exist in Thar. There this source can be encashed. besides coal, the renewable energy as biomass has solutions to our problems. Biomass, material derived from plants or animals, includes wastes, unpolished res idues and garbage. It is suggested that subsidies and tax concessions mustiness be provided for importing machinery for establishing biogas power plants in Pakistan. It can sustain to be a great source of energy for us as Pakistan is an unpolished country. Come tosolar energy panels, though initial cost ofinstalling solar panelsis comparatively high but through them the highest levels of talent can be reached. I visited Baluchistan recently and was really surprised to see the great solar potential there. It is not only the valley of minerals but it has a lot of wind andsolar energy, having a scattered habitat and ample sunshine. But to my utter dismay thenumber of solar panelsinstalledthere were very few. Some important advantages which favor the use ofsolar energyuse in Pakistan include low operational and maintenance cost, environment friendly dimension etc. similarly the wind energy is overly in excess and we can harness this energy in a much more powerful way. Wind can be use to produce electricity at the coastal areas. If power plants are format up driven by the wind energy along the coastline and this bet on is handed over to foreign investors, the results can be quite satis grammatical constituenty. invent of wind generators can be made indigenously. Still other sources isolated from hydel and thermal which can meet the growing demand nuclear energy can also overcome the energy needs. Pakistan Atomic Energy foreign mission has developed a large infrastructure to manufacture equipment for power but even then we are not able to make right smart forward motion in the nuclear field.More and more nuclear reactors for power generation must be built. Similarly, hot climaticconditionsof some areas of amphetamine Sindh and Southern Punjab may prove to be a source ofsolar energy. We have to devise bold and concrete ways on a war footing to overcome the electricity deficit coupled with an second base change in attitude at the earliest. The Quaid-i-A zam said Let us mobilize all our resources in a systematic and organized way and tackle the grave issues that confront us with grim determination and field of operationworthy of a great nation. A collective national effort is needed to face the challenge .Prompt measures need to be taken by the government. One other suggestion is that the existing thermal power plants racecourse on expensive importedfurnace oilcan be reborn into natural gas and afterwards to coal. The government can go for establishing a government body for fixing targets for development of power sectors. Ways must also be devised to stop power theft besides transmittal anddistributionlosses. The long transmission lines connecting grid with hydel stations are go about with transmission losses. These hydel stations are located mostly in the sexual union of the country while thermal units are mainlyinstalledin the warmness and southern areas of Pakistan.Political controversies relating to Kalabagh dam must be re solved. In this connecter seminars and media can lend a good role. The energy crisis has led to a negative impact on direct foreign investment. Investors require a sustained, secure and cheap power supply in any country. In Pakistan, no such facility is available because of which many investors are not willing to come forth. The long-term solution of the energy crisis is to build mega dams to keep water and generate electricity. Government power bodies like WAPDA and KESC should initiate plans to supply energy.In a nutshell, energy is the lifeline of a nation and plays a vital role in national maturate and sparing development of any country. It needs sincere and dedicated efforts of our policy makers to find solutions to meet the energy requirements of the nationCauses of Energy Crisis Pakistans energy crisis traces its roots to quest straightforwardcausesi. Growing Energy DemandOver the years there is greater need of energy because of increase in population, enhancement in life-style industrial and agrarian growth greater transportation needsii. Lack of proactive and integrated planning for production of energyPakistan has had wider potentials to tap energy, however, due to lack of anyintegrated/proactive planning, very less number of power producing plant were installed tomeet futuristic demands. Resultantly, over the years, the gap between energy demand andsupply drastically grew and now against demand of 20000 MW, we are having around 11500MW. iii. Imbalanced energy energy intermixEnergy mix in Pakistan is quite imbalance in comparison to other countries, with greaterreliance on non-renewable resources of gas (43.7 %) and oil (29 % majority of which isimported). Prices of petroleum products/ bad-mannered oil fluctuate and in current Afro-Arab politicalcrisis, the oil prices are likely to increase manifold affecting oil prices in Pakistan.A rational energy mix planning ought to be developed loose greater dependency torenewable (hydel power), indi genous (coal) and alternative energy resources (wind andsolar energy). Nuclear energy caniv. Non-utilization of enormous indigenous energy resources.Consequences of Energy Crisisi. Economic Factors Energy is important for running all other resources and crisis ofenergy directly influences all other sectors of the economy. The economic progress isHampered by dec in country productivity as well as by halting in operations ofIndustries. One important factor of tear down GDP and inflation of commodity prices inrecent years is attributed to shortfalls in energy supply.ii. Agriculture Sector Agricultural productivity of Pakistan is decreasing due to provisionof energy for running tube wells, agricultural machinery and production of fertilizersand pesticides. hence higher energy means higher agricultural productivity.iii. Industrial Sector Nearly all Industrial units are run with the energy and shift inenergy supply is having dire consequences on industrial growth. As a result ofdec line in energy supply, industrial units are not only being opened, but also theexisting industrial units are gradually closing.iv. Unemployment By closure of industrial units and less agricultural productivity, newemployment opportunities ceased to exist and already use manpower is bust by the employers to increase their profit ratios. Thus energy crisiscontributes towards unemployment.v. Social Issues This factor is primarily related to the domestic usage of energy(cooking, heating and water provision). Load shedding cause unrest and foilingamongst the people and results in agitation against the government.vi. Poverty Declination in economic growth, lower agricultural productivity,unemployment and shackling industrial growth result in increase exiguity.Currently, around twoscore percent of our population is living beyond mendicancy line andthis ratio is increasing day by day. Ample control of energy crisis will surely yield incurbing the stake of poverty.Energy Crisis has, mor eorless, plagued all sectors of Pakistans machinery ranging fromeconomy to industry, agriculture to social life, inflation to poverty and it is hamperingnational progress in a drastic manner. Nonetheless, menace of energy crisis can beoverwhelmed by government through making effective policies and its proactiveimplementation. Simultaneously, it is the certificate of indebtedness of us, the people of Pakistan, to utilize the available energy astutely and wisely to play our due role for progress of thecountry.Causes of Energy Crisis Pakistans energy crisis traces its roots to following distinctcausesi. Growing Energy DemandOver the years there is greater need of energy because of increase in population, enhancement in lifestyle industrial and agricultural growth greater transportation needsii. Lack of proactive and integrated planning for production of energyPakistan has had wider potentials to tap energy, however, due to lack of anyintegrated/proactive planning, very less number of power producing plant were installed tomeet futuristic demands. Resultantly, over the years, the gap between energy demand andsupply drastically grew and now against demand of 20000 MW, we are having around 11500MW. iii. Imbalanced energy energy mixEnergy mix in Pakistan is quite imbalance in comparison to other countries, with greaterreliance on non-renewable resources of gas (43.7 %) and oil (29 % majority of which isimported). Prices of petroleum products/crude oil fluctuate and in current Afro-Arab politicalcrisis, the oil prices are likely to increase manifold affecting oil prices in Pakistan.A rational energy mix planning ought to be developed giving greater dependency torenewable (hydel power), indigenous (coal) and alternative energy resources (wind andsolar energy). Nuclear energy caniv. Non-utilization of enormous indigenous energy resourcesConsequences of Energy CrisisEconomic Factors From all other sectors of the economy Energy is pivotal for running all other resources and crisis of energy directly influences. The economic progress ishampered by decline in agricultural productivity as well as by halting in operations ofindustries. One important factor of lower GDP and inflation of commodity prices inrecent years is attributed to shortfalls in energy supply.Agriculture Sector Agricultural productivity of Pakistan is decreasing due to provisionof energy for running tube wells, agricultural machinery and production of fertilizersand pesticides. Thus higher energy means higher agricultural productivity.iii. Industrial Sector Nearly all Industrial units are run with the energy and breakage inenergy supply is having dire consequences on industrial growth. As a result ofdecline in energy supply, industrial units are not only being opened, but also theexisting industrial units are gradually closing.iv. Unemployment By closure of industrial units and less agricultural productivity, newemployment opportunities ceased to exist and already employed manpower isshredded by the employers to increase their profit ratios. Thus energy crisiscontributes towards unemployment.v. Social Issues This factor is primarily related to the domestic usage of energy(cooking, heating and water provision). Load shedding cause unrest and frustrationamongst the people and results in agitation against the government.vi. Poverty Declination in economic growth, lower agricultural productivity,unemployment and shackling industrial growth result in increasing poverty.Currently, around forty percent of our population is living beyond poverty line andthis ratio is increasing day by day. Ample control of energy crisis will surely yield incurbing the menace of poverty.Energy Crisis has, moreorless, plagued all sectors of Pakistans machinery ranging fromeconomy to industry, agriculture to social life, inflation to poverty and it is hamperingnational progress in a drastic manner. Nonetheless, menace of energy crisis can beoverwhelmed by government through making effect ive policies and its proactiveimplementation. Simultaneously, it is the responsibility of us, the people of Pakistan, to

The Leadership Of King Fahd Leadership Essay

The Leadership Of baron Fahd Leadership Essaythither are different types of lead styles of which in that respect are three principal(prenominal) ones. There is the laissez faire where the leader spends little time supervising or nonrecreational much attention to what the community he is leading are doing. The instant one is the autocratic leadership where the leader dictates when to and all(prenominal)ows little or no room for other peoples views. The leader however wants his way done. This has fallen give away of popularity in m all countries although a few leaders in more or less countries are unagitated practicing it. The third foam of leadership style is the participative leadership style where it is the middle ground of the laissez and the autocratic types of leadership styles. In this case, the leader allows the people to give their views but is at the same time in control and puts his/her stand where need be. This is the type of leadership most countries shit a dopted. Other types of leadership might come out as we cash in ones chips on. tabby Fahd bin Abdul Aziz was the queen of Saudi-Arabian Arabia from the 13th of June the year 1982 to the world-class of August the year 2005 although he stopped performing his full duties in November 1995 after suffering from a stroke. He was born on the sixteenth of March in the year 1921 and died on the 1st of August 2005. His parents were emeer Abdul Aziz who was the father and Hessa Bint Ahmed Alsudairy as the mother. He was the tent child out of the 45 children born by the 22 wives. fag Fahd was overly the custodian of the devil holy mosques.King Fahd is known for having improved the living standards of the Saudis. He brought a lot of improvement in initiateing especially to the girl child. He was a man who believed in balancing all aspects of life i.e. spiritual, physical, mental, and psychological. He served as a prince and a king to the Saudis (http//www.kingfahdbinabdulaziz.com/).His ma nagement theory and conceptsKing Fahds type of leadership can probably be categorized as the participative leadership. He ensured that Saudi Arabias infrastructure was improved, brought about more industries, made his subject to be more modern, brought fairness to the ones who were being treated unfairly, defended the weak and feeble against the ones who were mighty and ruthless and much more. King Fahd was known to be chivalrous for he provided aid and assist where needed (Northouse, 2009).As a leader, he ensured that he put the inte stand-ins of the people he led first. Saudis are Muslims and so he fully demonstrated that Islam is a religion that can be practiced all the time and by anybody as long as they wished to join Islam. He would listen to the people and establish what their problems, weaknesses difficulties, wants and needs were (Winkler, 2009).It was non all easy in his leadership period. Putting up sign of the zodiac(a) educational system was a very demanding miss ion. Most pest people were hardly literate except for the religious scholars. To make this mission complete, he combined the vision he had that all the children would be able to recover a thoroughly education and the determination he had to make that exertion although he was not highly experienced at the time. Saudi Arabias taxation grew and so this made it easier for him as there was no limitation of finances. He presented good leadership qualities as some leaders used the addition of finances to enrich their selves or even mismanaged the finances putting the nation at a disadvantage later. Though some people, especially those who were planetary and those who practiced agriculture were reluctant at first, they later came to accept education and thus Saudi Arabia has saliently developed (http//www.ameinfo.com/king_fahd_bin_abdul_aziz_al_saud/).King Fahd is also remembered for his great contribution to health matters. He brought free health attend tos to the Saudis. This se rvicing was given to those inside and outside the kingdom. This was quite an achievement and a good show of leadership skills as most countries did not offer this service free. This contributed galore(postnominal) losses of lives especially to those who were not able to access this service.Hospitals were spread out and more built in order to cater for the growing add of the Saudis. Apart from expanding and expression more hospitals, he ensured that the aesculapian practitioners were adequate in order to facilitate the free medical service. The hospitals and health centers were also equipped which was overseen by the health ministry. Some leaders provided free medical services for citizens in a country but fail to provide overflowing health facilities like hospitals, health centers, medical practitioners, medical equipment etc. make the free service end not being free as intended. This was a great achievement on King Fahds part.King Fahd provided friendly services that were made to cater for the imbalances raise the living standards among the Saudis and cater for any other deficiency in the population. He provided social activities that enabled the citizens to rely on themselves. This would ease the load on the government to want care of all its citizens. He made the citizens realize that they could cater for their daily needs by practicing agriculture using irrigation, do art for those who were talented in that orbital cavity etc. instead of waiting for the government to employ each and every individual.Saudi Arabia, there are 173 benevolent societies. 20 of these societies belong to women of which the king highly supported. The kings government supported these societies by ensuring that they were given subsidies. The societies helped the less fortunate, physically and mentally argufyd, the widows etc. the king also introduced a compulsory medical scheme which catered for the medical and retirement of the employees. This scheme was known as the gen eral Organization for Social Insurance.The General Presidency for Youth Welfare has been progressive in the growth of sport in the kingdom. It was and is still responsible for the building and maintenance of sport arenas, spring chicken hostels, sport medical hospitals, sport clubs, an outside(a) stadium etc. he greatly supported the involvement of youth in sports and was even a member of the Olympic movement themselves. This showed his crawl in for the growth of the three-year-old people unlike other leaders who only exploited the young people and never gave them their dues. This greatly discouraged and killed the young people morale and talent. These young people either ended up in drugs, theft and burglary or hopeless.Most people see as if the Muslim woman is less regarded or looked down upon but this is not so. The Koran allows the woman to inherit or own property forwards and after marriage. In 1960, the government introduced a programme for the education of girls and by the mid 1970s half of the girls in Saudi Arabia were going to school. When King Fahd was on the throne, his government highly encouraged more girls to go to school which enabled them to be competitive with their peer boys. Under his reign, the woman has been encouraged to take careers that were antecedently dominated by men like medicine, teaching, engineering, piloting, broadcasting, etc. This was a great achievement as most countries were experiencing such challenges.The King also compete a major role in the development of Saudis economy. Saudi Arabia is well known for its rich oil reserves. It holds 25% of the oil reserves in the world. The kings government attempted to control the oil market in order to make sure the producer and the consumer of the oil were balanced and there was no one oppressing the other.The improvement of agriculture has greatly improved Saudis economy. The conclusion areas almost doubled during King Fahds reign. The citizens were highly encouraged to do more cultivation although Saudi is quite a ironical land. The government offered and still offers interest free loans, financial help to farming projects and other foams of assistance just to help the farmers and make farming much easier. Agriculture played and still plays a great role in the Saudis economy (Bush, 2003).Saudi Arabia does not have a lot of urine sources like many countries as it is located in the Middle East which is a dry area. King Fahd ensured that the water supply was kept constant by having water desalination, dams and reservoirs put up, and even recycling of sewage to make pure and sassy water. This water was also used for irrigation of which many countries which experienced frequent showery seasons were unable to do and therefore experienced drought when rain failed to spud as evaluate in a certain season.His weaknessesKing Fahd was not entirely perfect. He had his weaknesses as a leader and as a person. Due to his strict belief in Islam, no single Chri stian church or Jewish synagogue was allowed on the Saudi soil. The Saudis were expected to follow the Muslim way of life both at home and abroad. This was not fair as it denied the citizens the freedom of worship. The Abdul Aziz kingdom was only curb to the northern and eastern parts of Arabia (http//www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Fahd.html).Though he was hard-working, he would sometimes suddenly take caravans and go for a luxurious spend for weeks or even keep important people both topically and abroad waiting for hours because he had stayed up too late the previous night. He did not learn enough English in his life history so he had to use an interpreter to communicate in foreign meetings or where Arabic was not known by everyone.ConclusionKing Fahd was a good leader that other leaders should emulate. He greatly contributed to the current Saudi Arabia status. He tried to fulfill most of the promises he made bring Saudi up in competition with the rest of the wo rld. Despite his weaknesses, he was a great leader. He possesses a challenge to other countries that are advantaged in regard to rainfall due to the countrys unsophisticated development.

Skill framework for the information age

Skill fashion model for the information ageIntroductionIn this report, containing what is Skill Frame serve for the randomness eld (SFIA), how is SFIA works and how is SFIA been utilise recently. The c beer management system been indite is carapace oil company which using SFIA Version 3 started from 2008. suspense 1In 21st century, the fast growing and moving up of technology, so on that point argon demand of some identifying attainments for IT professionals and improve their functional effectiveness. To overcome the problem of identifying the needed skills, a trust adequate to(p) and understandable fabric is needed, building-up this fabric always a ch to each one(prenominal)enging task.SFIA, which stands for Skill Framework for the teaching Age (SFIA) and also pronounced sound like the name SOPHIA.SFIA is a referencing spear for people to identify and understand Professional IT Skills to build an effective Information Systems (IS) with using Information Communication s Technologies (ICT). SFIA also created for busy people who are managing IT professionals, and wish to improve results. SFIA is a framework that including two-dimensional which is Work and take aim of Responsibility. SFIA can be a reference script for those in the altogether drug user who dont understand IT skills, and it specialises professional skills which needed and provided diagnostic information.The purpose of SFIA is to help employers of IT professionals to freeze off the project risk, retain employees, have more(prenominal) effective recruitment and affix quality and efficiency of IT function. The correct skills would help the employers have a best way to make a proper career way for the staffs. SFIA origin describes SFIA as SFIA enables employers of IT professionals to carry issue a range of HR activities against a common framework of reference including skill audit, planning future skill requirements, ontogeny programmes, standardization of pedigree titles and functions, and resource allocation.SFIA is built as a simple two-dimensional matrix, one axis of rotation shows the skills in categories and subcategories, another axis describes the different levels of responsibility and accountability for IT staffs. SFIA including 86 skills, each of the skills has an overall definition and then recognized seven level skill with more expatiate descriptor. at that place are total amount of 295 descriptors. For user easier to recognize the areas of work in IT, the skills are separated into Categories and then separated again into Subcategories. The half dozen Categories are defined in Strategy architecture, Business change, Solution development utensilation, Service management, Procurement management support and Client interface. on that point are some Subcategories in each Categories to make the information and definitions be more detailed.There are seven levels of responsibility in SFIA, all of the levels define 4 key dimensions of respo nsibility which is autonomy, influence, complexity and business skills. For easier to refer, the levels are luck in number from 1 to 7 with a simple description aim 1 FollowLevel 2 AssistLevel 3 ApplyLevel 4 EnableLevel 5 Ensure, adviseLevel 6 initiate, influenceLevel 7 countersink strategy, envisionSFIA makes the presidential term to provide what is the theorises requirement or capability to the interviewee and there is no fixed conditions for the job. Managing and developing skills are the main points due to twain employees and employers. By using SFIA, the organic law identifies each roles which needed to make the act upon of business be successful. Through SFIA, the interviewee will be helped to map their skills and intimacy within an IT job, and also makes individuals career path much clearer. Capability of soulfulness would be the main characteristic from the management cycle. SFIA also used by the organization to measure and evaluate skills to the industry s tandard, other than that, SFIA can be a model to plan training activities to the staffs and determine skills gaps between the time. heading 2A career management system of a organization has been research and reference which is SHELL Oil Company. As all of us know, SHELL petrol station located everywhere in our kingdom and SHELL is the largest oil company in the world. In 2008, SHELL used SFIA V3 Based IT Competence Framework. To improve the business demand, SHELL designed the new IT Competence Framework to help them reach the task. The character of IT in SHELL is refreshing which means the what is the method for SHELL to provide IT services from is refreshing, so SHELL has created a New Integrated Delivery Model (IDM). There are some different set competences for new / different IT job families, which needed by the new IDM. So SHELL changing the IT competence framework and improve the chances for IT learning and development.Why SHELL choose SFIA as their framework. Because of SHE LLs main market is not on Information technology (IT), so SHELL rather to use a built and mutual framework than to build a framework by own self. SHELL as a worldwide organization, so they have to able to overcome all of the interests, and SHELL just can choose the only workable competence model which is SFIA. SFIA provides the chance to SHELL to benchmark themselves and comparing with other major(ip) user. The earlier framework using by SHELL started in 2001 which is BSC exertion Structure Model Ver.3 (ISM3). SFIA Plus was designed to map with the ISM3, SHELL were able to map ISM3 with the SFIA Plus and SHELL gain confidence in framework. correspond to SHELL, We were able to map the Shell Job Grade structure to SFIA levels via the routine guidance between ISM3 and SFIA.. SHELL had a step forward by changing to SFIA framework.The new framework in SHELL list out the skill / knowledge to the individuals must required Analytical Thinking, Attention to Detail, organizational Awarenes s , Decision Making, Goal Orientation and etc. These make the organization and the individuals have and know the basic condition for the job application. The framework describes the jobs and competences in few steps 1. A position is including in a job family 2. Defined the job family by using SFIA 3. Determine the proof points to each job family which has a competence visibility. 4. Staff develop a ain competence profile 5. Comparing the personal profile with the job profile to identify development needs 6. Plan staffs future career by using job map.SHELL had launch MyIT portal and booklet, which use to implement and use of the new IT Competence Framework. The MyIT provides IT staff about the information which needed in the services, and descriptions of the IT competence and the different levels for every line in the organization. MyIT also provide the learning and development chances of job and for each IT functional Competence. There are 4-box models that use to learn and develop ment guidelines to address competence gaps fictitious character Materials, Training Courses, Professional Experiences and On-the-Job+Coaching.

Understanding Of Law And Recognising Its Limitations Social Work Essay

Understanding Of Law And Recognising Its Limitations genial Work EssayFor loving runers to pr acquitise effectively it is necessary to pick out a critical sense of law and to recognise its limitations alongside it strengths (Wilson et al, 2008 191). Using the oddb entirely study of Mr A, this testify go out out clientele the legislation regarding statutory duties and guidance which c every(prenominal) for to be netherstood by service contributers. It leave also critically try out and explore the issues relating to stocking Mr As accommodation and safeguarding prayments. at that place be numerous acts and guidance that need to be considered which make this a complicated exercise. The beginning is the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons mold, 1970 s1 which requires topical anesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic administration to be certain of the bit of disabled people in their boundary in company to plan and develop homework of go. Furthermore, infra s46 of t he discip phone line Health portion and Community perplexity Act, 1990 they have a responsibility to publish a plan of connection do by services exitd.As Mr B is the heraldic bearingr, the distributers (Equal Opportunities) Act, 2004 requires Countyshire to propound him of his entitlement to a Carers opinion (Wilson et al, 2008). Whilst Mr A lived with his pal, Countyshire would have a statutory trade under the NHSCCA (1990) and the Carers (Recognition and operate) Act, 1995 to assess Mr Bs needs as main carer for his chum salmon as Mr B is mundane resident in that location. The Carers and Disabled Children Act (2000) gives Mr B the right to request an assessment even if Mr A is non conglomerate with care services. local anaesthetic Authority Circular (2004)24 s2 outlines good practice for Mr Bs involvement in his brformer(a)s assessment process.For Mr A, under s47 of the NHSCCA (1990), Countyshire would have a statutory duty to assess his needs while he was livin g with his brother and a further duty under the constitution guidance, Fair door to Care Services 2002, issued under s7(1) of the Local Authority Social Services Act 1970, to decide within a reasonable time, what connection care services should be provided to meet his needs (DOH, 2010).The legislation is complex for providing services, including accommodation, for Mr A. There are overlapping and conflicting obligations and a detailed history for Mr A is lacking. This highlights the need for a thorough assessment by a Social Worker and the appropriate sharing of information between the local authorities concerned. Because livestocking care is expensive authorities whitethorn hide privy the complexity of the law to evade their responsibility.As Mr A was detained under s37 of the psychical Health Act, 1983 (as amended by Mental Health Act, 2007) he would, upon go forth hospital under s117 MHA (1983), receive unleash after-care services for his mental wellness for as long as is required. As Mr A was detained in Ashire, that Local Authority, Local Health Board and Primary Care Trust are responsible for financing any after-care services (DOH, 2008 and Barber et al, 2009).After-care services under s117 of MHA (1989) would not be withdrawn from Mr A if he declined them, or Ashire pink-slipped him from care. Even if Mr A was well settled in the community, he may continue to need after-care services in case of relapse or mental health deterioration. They would only be withdrawn if Ashire local authorisation, Mr A and the PCT agreed that he no longer needed them (DOH, 2008). If such(prenominal)(prenominal) an agreement was made by Ashire then Mr A would be unable to get after-care free under s117 of MHA (1989) but would need to be assessed under s47 of the NHSCCA (1990) for Countyshire to provide care under the National Assistance Act (1948).The MHA (1983) does not define what aftercare is, however it is accompanied by a Code of Practice, 2008, which, althoug h not statutory is regarded as guidance, as confirmed in the case of R (Munjaz) v Mersey Care NHS Trust (2005) (Brammer, 2010 and Barber et al, 2009). The Code of Practice under 27.13 provides a list of areas to be considered in an assessment which the Social Worker, with Mr A, should take on in the written after care plan (DOH, 2008).There have been numerous disputes between local authorities over the definition of ordinary resident, within s24 of the NAA (1948), and resident in s117(3) of the MHA (1993), and, therefore, which berth is responsible for funding a persons residential care. The recent domaination Ordinary Residence by the discussion section of Health and the case of R (on the application of M) v. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham and Another R (on the application of Hertfordshire County Council) v. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham (2010) have provided clarity and guidance for practice validatory that for the purposes of s117 MHA (1983) aftercare, s2 4(5) of the NAA (1948) does not apply (RadclifeLeBrasseur, 2010). In the case of Mr A, if he is allay under s117 MHA (1989) the duty to provide after-care services, including accommodation, would remain with Ashire as the local authority where he was detained even though he is living in Countyshire (DOH, 2010).Countyshire, under s24(3) of the NAA (1948), initially placed Mr A in the residential alkali to provide respite for his brother. The home is registered for residents with dementia and physical disabilities. Upon the decision to stay there permanently, Countyshire would have a common duty to re-assess Mr A to ensure the home is appropriate for his needs. If it is not part of Mr As care plan to provide appropriate accommodation for his mental health then Countyshire would need to fund his accommodation, under s21 of the NAA (1948). Mr A would also meet the criteria under the NAA (1948) s29(1) for his domiciliary care services to be provided by the local authority. NAA (1948) s 29(4) with LAC (93)10 also outlines what care services should be considered and s2 of the CSDPA (1970) gives the local authority the power and duty to provide such services. If the accommodation is provided for Mr As health needs, the NHS are responsible as the local authority is not able to provide health services as defined in s21(8) NAA (1948).If Mr A funded his declare accommodation he would be classed as a self-funder and require an ordinary residence with Countyshire, in line with the settled purpose test in Shah v London Borough of Barnet (1983). NAA (1948) s22(2) allows Countyshire to channelize Mr A for the accommodation. When carrying out the financial assessment they must use the National Assistance (Assessment of Resources) Regulations (1992) in conjunction with Charging For Residential Accommodation Guide, which is updated annually (DOH, 2010).At present there is no specific legislation in England for indefensible adult valueion. The law regulating the safeguarding of defenceless adults is taken from a number of relatively recent policies, guidance and case law (Clements and Thompson, 2007). Safeguarding has only lately become recognised as an area of work in its own right. It is an increasingly important part of a Social Workers responsibilities, as form _or_ system of government and guidance has given fond service authorities the lead bureau in dealing with safeguarding issues (Mandelstam, 2008).The local authority as a public body, under the Human Rights Act 1998 s6, has a duty of care towards its citizens, to protect them from harm and uphold their tender rights (Braye, 2010). In Z and others v UK (2001) the European Court of Human Rights found the local authority to be in violation of s6(3) HRA (1998), having failed to take reasonable steps to prevent serious misuse when they were witting of abuse (Clements and Thompson, 2007). Safeguarding Adults procedures should be put in place, in line with HRA (1998), to support a person to li ve a life that is free from abuse and throw off (ADASS, 2005). As the local authority has been made aware of Mr As recent behaviour towards the other residents it is important that they appoint an investigation Officer and take reasonable steps to prevent any abuse.The Care Standards Act, 2000 standard 18, stipulates that local authorities and care homes must have a written safeguarding policy which would apply to Ashire, Countyshire and the private care home. Also in 2000, the Department of Health published the No Secrets policy document, which provides guidance to local authorities on how to protect vulnerable adults and implement policies to protect them. The policy requires local authorities to have written multi agency safeguarding procedures and policies (Brammer, 2010). No Secrets is regarded as statutory guidance because the LASSA (1970), s7 requires a local authority to act under such guidance. The case of R v Islington LBC, ex p Rixon (1996), demonstrated that an authorit y is acting unlawfully if they deviate from the guidance (Mandelstram, 2008).The tie of Directors of Social Services in 2004, published the Protocol For Inter-Authority Investigation Of penetrable Adult Abuse. This protocol with reference to s3.8 of No Secrets (2000) and National Assistance Act 1948 LAC (93)7, clarified the responsibility and actions of the host and placing local authorities with regards to safeguarding. In the case of Mr A, although the residential home contacted Ashire, it would be the responsibility of Countyshire, as the host local authority, to take the lead in safeguarding procedures. However, a link person from Ashire would be invited to attend any adult egis strategy clash, if it is the local authority funding his accommodation, as it would still be expected to have a duty of continuing care for Mr A (2004 1-2).In 2005, ADASS published Safeguarding Adults, providing a national exemplar for good practice in adult protection work, including giving clear ti me frames, multi agency working and details of responsibilities (Clements and Thompson, 2007 Brammer, 2010). Whilst side by side(p) safeguarding procedures it is important for the local authority to keep to the Data Protection Act, 1998. However, No Secrets states, It is inappropriate for agencies to give assurances of absolute confidentiality in cases where there are concerns about(predicate) abuse, particularly in those situations when other vulnerable people may be at risk (2000 24).A criticism of the No Secrets policy is that vulnerable adults are defined as people in need of community care services who are unable to protect themselves from abuse so it does not take into consideration people who do not require community care services (Clements and Thompson, 2007). Safeguarding Adults framework introduced the term safeguarding and moved away from the description of protection and vulnerable (Brayne and Carr, 2010). ADASS defined Safeguarding Adults as, This phrase means all wor k which enables an adult who is or may be eligible for community care services to retain independence, wellbeing and choice and to access their human right to live a life that is free from abuse and neglect (2005 5). Using the ADASS definition, the vulnerable adults in this case, would be Mr A, and all the other residents in the residential home, given his current and previous behaviour.As Mr A is residing at a private residential care home, the home, along with the local authority, will be regulated by The CSA, 2000, supported by National borderline Standards. Standard 18 of the NMS states that the registered person at the care home needs to ensure that service users are safeguarded from abuse (Clements and Thompson, 2007 Brammer, 2010). The registered person and possibly other care staff from the home would, therefore, be invited to the safeguarding strategy meeting.Under the Care Homes Regulations 2001, it is the responsibility of the care home registered person to inform the Ca re select Commission (CQC) of any suspected abuse (Brammer, 2010). Hampshire County Council Safeguarding Policy states that although the CQC should be conscious and invited to a safeguarding strategy meeting, it is not routinely necessary for them to attend (2010 52). However, quest the CQC Safeguarding Protocol Procedures they should provide any relevant information for the meeting (2010 11).Safeguarding Adults framework provide guidance on legal philosophy involvement if a annoyance is alleged to have taken place then they should be tough as soon as possible and decide whether they will be taking action (2005 34). However, as Mr A has committed no crime, the police may not need to be invited to a strategy meeting. The care-co-ordinator, psychiatrist and GP for Mr A would be invited to attend a strategy meeting (Dorset For You, 2007).If a safeguarding assessment strategy is decided at the strategy meeting, Mr A, as he is deemed to have mental capacity, could also be involved w ith the assessment process and his views taken into account. However, Countyshire must act to uphold the human rights of all citizens and as other residents potentially are at risk, this duty will take precedence (ADASS, 2005).The case of Mr A has shown that although local authority social services have a legal duty and obligation to provide, fund and safeguard the most suitable care, this is a complex task involving an sympathy of overlapping and conflicting obligations, from a wide range of primary legislation, substitute legislation, directions, guidance and case laws (Wilson et al, 2008). The case of Mr A supports the Law Commissions current work to create, under one act, a coherent legal framework for the provision of adult social care similar to the Children Act, 1989 (Law Commission, 2010).Word Count 2196

My Experience With The Internet And Education English Language Essay

My Experience With The meshing And Education English deli truly EssayThe cyberspace. What it has d wiz for me pedagogicsal and scho braveic exclusivelyy is nonhing short of a miracle. With the recent regularts of the past three years I couldnt live mayhap even imagined that I could repair a college education and a stop in accounting with forth the use of the Internet. I am old overflowing to commemorate life in advance the World blanket(a) Web. I remember hearing that term in the early days the World Wide Web. I couldnt even compreh eat up what they were uttering closely. The web whats that? Computers in our homes that buzzword be possible? Or could it? It was possible and it did come to pass. And the gentleman has been ceaselessly changed because of it.My story begins as I approach the age of forty-nine and advance a monumental decision to harvest to aim. I estimation to myself, You essential be crazy. But with the unrest and dissatisfaction with my then curre nt process situation, school made sense. But withal, with the thought of take a craping full clip, and I hateful full age, it was a daunting task that I had set origin in solelyy me. The fact that I worked in a manufacturing environment, worked rotating shifts, weekends, and put in someplace between fifty to sixty hours per week, made serve uping school by dint of normal channels actually unrealistic. The thoughts dancing in my head to go back to school started in that summer of 2007. I was very unhappy with my job and with my bosses and had contemp freshd several times to unsloped walk out the door. It was my married woman who gave me some cheeseparing advice and said, If you are so unhappy, quit complaining and whining al near your situation and do something just or so it. She was absolutely correct. So on Saturday imposing 18, 2007 on the finis day of fall registration at Illinois primordial College in Peoria, Illinois my wife said, Lets go and off we went . We arrived at the registration social occasion at 145 p.m. with barely fifteen minutes before the office closed. A wonderful lady helped me get registered within those last fifteen minutes of registration and my journey was about to begin. I gestural up for three straighten outes that fall, two were Internet kinsfolkes and iodine was a residual pass. One must realize that I had had no college experience in my life and to start out with honor adequate Internet classes was a piddling unnerving. So armed with a newfound determination and a very supportive wife, my journey into the un copen realm of Internet education began.My scratch foray into an online class was a real eye opener. My set-back class was an English composition class. I hadnt written a formal composing in thirty years and here I was required to issue an essay using MLA to cite my references. What the heck was MLA? So, to the Internet I went and did a Google search of MLA, and I was off and manoeuvrening and I havent stopped yet. The Internet has turn up to be such an invaluable resource for doing school work, especially when it comes to writing papers. The amount of time and effort saved by doing online research is just incomprehensible. Two things come to mind when I think about that beginning(a) semester of school is that it could have never been accomplished without the Internet the time to very take the courses and the time to dedicate to research for writing assignments. Neither could have been accomplished without the Internet. Working fifty plus hours a week standardised I did didnt leave much time to devote to spillage to college, still with the advent of online classes it has become a reality for me.The convenience associated with taking online courses is just fantastic. For example, when I worked afternoon turn, I would get home around cardinal oclock p.m., go to my home office space and do school work on the computer until about two or three in the morning.A d o good if the Internet to me is the flexibility it gives in not only time nevertheless environment. For example my wife and I were actually able to go on a short vacation and I could still maintain contact with my school load. I took a laptop with us and by the use of Wi-Fi I was able to connect no issue where we were at and still do my homework, take quizzes and maintain pace with my course and not fall behind. It was spacious and I could really relax when I got done with the school work. Again the Internet is a great make and tool and one that I do not take for apt(p) or lightly.I was always under the misconception that I could not return to college and gull a breaker point as long as I worked a full time job. Boy was I wrong about that. With the advent of the Internet everything has changed. There are no more time constraints, no more geographical restraints, no more anything. It is all at your fingertips anytime of the day or night.This was not the first time that I had c ontemplated going back to school. In the late nineteen-eighties I was facing long layoffs and the very real possibility of losing my job. I considered going back to school at that time to result a degree but with a wife and a young baby and the fact that my wife did not work, I couldnt afford not to work and go to school full time. I did consider going to school part time but with all the family obligations and what not, I talked myself out of doing it then because I couldnt see the light at the end of the burrow. I just couldnt see the end only the baffle long road to get there. That was the second biggest mistake of my life. The first one universe not going to college ripe out of high school. after(prenominal) workings in the steel industry for thirty years I am finally paying for my decision to abstain from going to college right after high school, in lieu of a good paycheck. Hindsight is a wonderful thing.Back in 1988 there were no Internet classes to take, so the only opt ion was to go to school in mortal and that takes time. while I didnt have or time I didnt want to devote to this end. Ah, to be young and stupid.One of the many challenges that I faced was in my second semester when I took my first accounting core class online. That was not a pleasant experience. I was definitely getting a C in the class with one test to go. The professor made things even harder for me when he changed the rules in the middle of the semester. When we started the class the online tests allowed you to go back and work hassles if you skipped them. But for some reason, unbeknownst to me, he decided to make it so if you passed a question you couldnt go back. So if you were stuck on a problem then you had a decision to make. Either you moved on and lost(p) the question or you stayed on the current problem and in my whimsey, groundless valuable time that you would need to complete the test. I decided for the last exam to just take my time and work the problems one at a time consecutively and I would finish what I could get finished and my grade would be what it would be. Well, I didnt finish the exam but what I did finish must have been good enough to press out my grade to a B for the semester. I never did find out what I scored on that final exam and I really dont know how I got that grade, but I was thankful all the same. It was after this class that I decided no more online accounting classes for me. This would be my one departure from taking as many online classes as possible.There are so many advantages of taking online classes for me, but mainly that I understructure attend a class at anytime, from anywhere. I can attend classes no matter what work schedule I am working and I can even attend when traveling, whether it be for tune or pleasure, I can access my classes from anywhere in the United States that has Internet access. Being that the course stuff is available twenty-four hours a day, vii days a week, gives me the opportunity to re-read lectures, discussions, explanations and tittle-tattles. An different nice benefit is that being behind a computer screen can give me namelessness and provides a less intimidating atmosphere then I would go steady in the actual classroom. Taking Internet classes gives me time to formulate my thoughts fashioning me able to think about my replies as to when, how, and what to say. I can perspective my comments when I am ready. This is a real benefit becomes sometimes when you are in a classroom situation and the conversation is moving and separate plenty are interacting, sometimes you cant get your point of shot out until the discussion has passed you by and by that time it is too late to comment. This online environment has also made it so I can talk more openly with my teachers and other students. I have noticed that I am a little bit more assertive in an online class than I am in real life. I apply to think that was a bad thing but I conceptualize it has been helpf ul as it is encouraging me to speak up and to voice my opinion when presented the opportunity. I believe in the long run this will be a benefit to me in the working business world where I will need to speak up when needed.Another great benefit about Internet based education is that you can access the colleges library from the comfort of your home at any time of the day or night. You can research articles, eBook content, and check the availability of normal book material which you can reserve and pick up at your convenience. This has been a great time saver for me, which as someone who works full time, this has been a true lifesaver, giving time back to me that I so desperately need.Another benefit to taking online courses is what I call the low embody association. By that I mean not necessarily dollars and cents, but other tangible things, such as no expenses outlaid for gas and wear and file on my automobile. And again, the time it gives back to my life. This fact alone is unfa thomable because time is just about the most all-important(a) commodity a person can have.The ability to earn a degree online began in 1989 with the University of phoenix pass classes to help students earn bachelors and masters degrees (3). Online education has expanded passim the past decade as evidenced by studies done by Babson Survey Research Group, the Sloan Consortium, and the College Board. According to their statistics, online enrollment was at over 3.9 jillion students during the fall semester of 2007. That correlates to more than twenty percent of all college students enrolled in postsecondary education are now taking online classes (8). And the trend is continuing with research numbers racket showing that by the end of 2002 over eighty-four percent of all four-year accredited colleges and universities were offering online education classes (2).Today it is even possible to earn a degree without ever stepping a foot on a college campus. John Campbell remarked in a disc ussion thread reply about the dangers that can be associated with taking classes from a practical(prenominal) college, which is a college with no physical campus (1). He pointed to a very good article about the possibility of being scammed in the pursuit of an online degree. In the article it relayed the good-for-naught story of a womans online degree being worthless. This points out the very important fact to research the possible online college candidate and make sure that the degree indeed comes from an accredited university. The article referenced what is labeled degree mills, which travel by out diplomas that arent even worth the paper they are printed on (4). Johns comment was about the importance of taking college classes from an accredited college and not a virtual college. A point well taken, but there are in fact, several good virtual colleges nowadays with Jones International University being the first accredited college in1996 to exist fully online (6).Mr. Campbell a lso brought up a good point with this question, Are online educations taken seriously in the business world? With the advent of just about every college in the nation offering Intent classes the answer is yes. The business world places great faith in online degrees, but also adds that more respectability is accomplished when going through an already established and accredited college as say a Duke University (4).rice paddy Killman brought up the question about the advantages and disadvantages of obtaining a degree through online sources (7). A major advantage of pursuing online degrees or taking a in general Internet curriculum is that youre showing potential future employers that you have initiative, ambition, and oblige to do what it takes to get the job done. You are demonstrating that you will be a self motivated and reliable employee. Continuing this thought, recent research shows that employers today are much more enthusiastic about people that pursue Internet degrees than t hey were in years past (5). In fact, sources such as Careerbuider.com say many employers stand up and take notice of people who can demonstrate the ability and the desire to seek online degrees (8).And to reiterate this thought even more and how the business world has changed its opinion of online education mind to how Jack Welch, former CEO of General Electric, responded to this question, Would you hire someone with an online business degree? To count out a candidate based on an online degree may be shortsighted, he responded. People working all day and studying online all night have the kind of grrrr most companies could use.(9) I think that pretty much says it all with regards to the importance of Internet education.Ive often thought during my journey when I looked down the dark tunnel of education and saw a light, I wondered is that the light at the end of the tunnel or is it the headlight of an oncoming train coming to run me over. With only summer session and this fall semest er to go, I am win over now it is the light at the end of the tunnel. Hallelujah

Francesco Petrarch Essay -- essays research papers

&9Francesco Petrarch, was a man held in high regards of his peers. The life in which Petrarch lived, was certainly non unity of which many people could pee-pee had dealt with. A life of solitude, position love and, family misfortune that was endured. But, through hard workand perseverance, loyalty to the churches which lead to entire connections, he was regarded as one of the most influential persons and authors of his time.&9Petrarch was not a man with greatest of family lives. Born in Arezzo in 1304, to a family that had just been exiled from Florence, his family had to move to Incisa, Tuscany. Petrarch spent most of his childhood in Incisa. From then on, his father pushed him into the path of law. His brother, Gheredo, the most stable family figure in his life, later became a monk and throughout his life stayed in forgather with Francesco. Petrarch had another brother, who died at a very young age. His mother died when he was 15 years old, which was consequently when some of his earliest works have been recorded. At the age of 22, Francescos father passed away, which caused Francesco to attain a career. Giovanni, his son, was born illicitly in 1337. The relationship between the two was disappointment to Francesco. He describes him as "Intelligent, perhaps tear down exceptionally intelligent, but he hates books" He permit Giovanni live with him till he could no longer stand the cumulus of him and sent him to live in Avignon, at the age of 20. It wasnt until just onwards Giovannis death, of the Black Plague, did they start to write each other. Just before his sons death, Petrarchs friends though of Giovanni as a good person and wrote Petrarch about this. He never saw his son before his death but in his heading knew that he had started to get his life back together. He also had a daughter, Francesca, she gave birth to Petrarchs grandchildren one of which died during the Plague. This was of great disheartenment of Petrarch.&9 freque ntly to Petrarchs dismay he studied law at the University of Bologna and he earned his degree. Beyond the levels of his peers at an early age it was obvious the sharp presents he had. Moving from school to school he realized that his admittedly interests were in the ancient authors, not the law. He sought out and find manuscripts Cicero, Virgil, amongst others. When his Petrarchs father found these manu... ... earth,it is this quote that shows how much he loved Laura, even though she did not return this love.&9Francesco Petrarch, was regarded amongst his peers and superiors as a powerful man. After having been sent on many missions of peace by the Archbishop. The King of France and, the Emperor of Italy trying to persuade Petrarch to join them. In his writings, Emperor, Kings wanted copies of his books, friends and other great authors desired to own and read these books as well. A man that could write about feeling he had even though they were not respected. Having gone thro ugh death and disappointment within his family. It is hardly fitting that a man who over came all of these obstacles, be considered one of the greatest Italian of his time.&9Bibliograghy1. Bishop, Morris Letters of Petrarch (Indiana 1966).2. Dobson, Susana intent of Petrarch (London 1805).3. Einsenbichler K., Iannucci A. Petrarchs Triumphs (Toronto 1990).4.Wilkins, E. H. Life of Petrarch (Chicago 1961).5.Wilkins, E.H. Petrarchs Eight Years in Milan 1353-1361 (Cambridge 1958).6. Wilkins, E. H. Petrarchs Later Years (Cambridge 1959).7. Wilkins, E. H. Triumphs of Petrarch (Chicago 1962)

Windows versus Linux Essay examples -- Computer Technology Operating S

Windows vs. LINUX Both Windows and Linux keep up in many different forms. e rattling last(predicate) the different forms of Windows come from Microsoft, the unhomogeneous distributions of Linux come from different companies (ex. Red Hat, SuSE, Linspire, Ubuntu, Mandriva, Knoppix, etc). Windows has two main lines Win9x, which is consists of Windows 95, 98, 98SecondEdition and ME, and NT class which consists of Windows NT, two hundred and XP. On a side note, Windows first had version 3.x which was made onward Windows 95 by a couple of years. The various types of Linux are called distributions. All the Linux distributions released around the same(p) time frame will use the same kernel, which are the guts of the OS. They will differ with the add-on software provided, throw in process, GUI, documentation, technical support, and price. Linux is a whole lot more customizable in a way that Windows washstandnot and is not. There are a lot of special conclude versions of Linux as well. If you were going for desktop use, Linux is free or very cheap, and Windows is expensive. For servers, again, Linux is very cheap compared to Windows. Microsoft only allows one computer per copy of Windows. On the other hand, once you purchase Linux you can run it on any deed computers at no extra charge. As of January 2005, Windows XP Professional sold for rough $200, and the full version of XP sold for around $300, and Windows Server 2003 with 10 thickening licenses was about $1,100. You can blueload Linux for free from each of the Linux vendors. In lodge to run Windows it has to be installed onto the hard disk first. Linux can run merely from a CD. Normally Linux also runs off of the hard disk, but at that place a quite a few versions of Linux which run entirely from a CD without bei... ...d due to the security and cost concerns. There are almost no viruses for Linux, while there are millions for Windows. In the end, Microsoft will iron the spread of Linux. When Thailand wanted to use Linux based computers available throughout the country, Microsoft hence stepped in and made a deal with the Thai Information, Communication and applied science Ministry. You can buy Windows products along with Windows XP and Office XP al lay down on the computer, ready to run and activated for the very low price of the equivalent to $37. When there is a company who is willing to go through these lengths to keep their competitors down in the gutter, there is no way that a non main-stream product can become successful when they are competing with a company such as Microsoft. In the end I think that you should choose which ever operating(a) system fits your personal needs the best.

:: Papers

ESSAY John Steinbeck novel, Of Mice and custody, contains three characters who could be described as social misfits. In this test I am going to describe Candy, Crooks, and Curleys wife and demonstrate what Steinbeck is attempting to tell the reader most the lives and situation of each of these characters. The book, Of Mice and Men, was gear up in the first gear of 1930s in California in a place c totallyed Soledad. Of Mice and Men, can be viewed as a sympathetic story of John Steinbeck for the hard life, poor, former(a) age ,unskilled workers displaced by the depression a severely economic and high unemployment with no hope and no future. They had to leave their families and homes just to make money. Candy is such a character. He is the bunkhouse cleaner and he is mature and has no family and the only oldish gentlemans gentleman on the ranch. We are told him in the book, that he is a good natured old gossip. He is a useful source of informat ion about all the character at the ranch. We know because when George and Lennie arrive in to the ranch, Candy tells them about all the characters and also tells them about what is going on in the bunkhouse, for case when he says to George and Lennie about Curley, Curley like a lot of little guys. He hates big guys. So first of all they know that how aggressive and bad guy Curley is. He is fond of his frank even though it is old and smelly. Candy had that dog since it was a pup. His dog is his only friend old same like Candy. Carlson offers to shoot his dog. But Candy resists for his old, smelly, nameless dog, No, I couldnt do that. I had im too long. Candy knows if he allows his dog to be shot he will become lonelier because that is the only confederate he got and he will lose it. But Carlson is determined. Eventually he leads the dog out into the darkness of the night and to its death.

Upton Sinclairs The Jungle :: essays research papers fc

Long and tedious, with the purpose of showing the insalubrious conditions of the Chicago meat industry, The Jungle is a book that was written by Upton Sinclair. later on his manuscript was completed in 1905, it appe atomic number 18d seri anyy in appeal to Reason, a widely circulated socialist periodical. This initial publication caused overmuch bitterness and immediate reaction. Much difficulty was encountered, however, when he tried to get it make in book public figure. N angiotensin converting enzyme of the publishers wanted it publish completely in its current form, and Sinclair didn&8217t want to cut any of it out. It was finally published in 1906, by Sinclair himself with consider able financial aid from Jack London. at that place is no table of contents as it is written in the form of a novel. Likewise, there are very few footnotes and the footnotes it does have are on how to pronounce things. There is a bibliography in the back which lists all of his sources for inf ormation on meatpacking and his other documentation. For the most part it is historically accurate, as it tells the life of a man who works in a realistic meat packing setting. Because it is fictional, though, it probably would not be much of an aid to a historical researcher. The novel itself, containing over Three speed of light pages, is rather long and tediously boring.Sinclair&8217s central purpose in writing The Jungle was to persuade people to join the socialist fellowship and to adopt the view that socialism is the only way to conquer the laissez-faire(prenominal) empires that abuse the operative class. The socialist ethic is that the general public leave have joint ownership of the factory. Thus, they will finally be able to eliminate the undesirable working conditions and to advocate new, more comfortable working conditions. Sinclair uses many clever devices in order to get his readers to agree with this ethic. First, he keeps the many portions basically flat and two -dimensional throughout the whole novel. After their initial introduction, they are not developed any further or given any more human characteristics. They are outlined by what the author tells you they do no thought or decision devising on their part is ever shown. He also keeps all of the characters at the same level. The reader never knows any more about star character&8217s personality than he does about another character&8217s personality. He only knows basically nothing about every character&8217s personality. Another device Sinclair employs is leaving only one option, one alternative, to being held captive by capitalism.

The Buddha, Two Lessons Essay -- essays research papers

Almost everybody I take a mien ever met fag end recognize a Buddha statue, but few folks who I have ever associated with understand the pith of the Buddha. Myself included was one of those folks dexterous with such ignorance. When the term Buddha was brought up, all I thought about was the fat bellies of myself and fellow offensive lineman on my high school football game team. Nirvana Hey isnt that one of the great rock bands of the early nineties? Right? In this paper, I will explain who the Buddha was and the deep meaning of the message that Prince Guatama preached.The Buddha defined the Middle Path as a way that leads to insight, which leads to wisdom, which conduces to calm, to knowledge, to the Sambodhi, to Nirvana (76). These words meant that all else was linked to some sort of suffering, that true peace and happiness could only be achieved through your mind and true pain and suffering could be achieved through globe. The Buddha illustrated this idea through his quat ernion Noble Truths.The first of these is the Noble Truth of Suffering. These sufferings included natural situations of life, including birth, decay, death, front line of objects we hate not to obtain what we want, and finally, mere existence (76). There is a pattern that is developed in this order. Birth is the beginning of reality that has its pricey as well as bad times. The Buddha appears to focus on the hardships of reality that Prince Guatama knew of in this world. As life would carry onward, the hardships woul...

La liberté de lhomme :: essays research papers

     Comme read/write head lavons vu en classe, la acquaintance et la foi sont divissprofondment dans notre socit. Les scientifiques rejettent, de faon assezgnrale tout ce dont touche la foi. De leur part, les religieux sen prennentaux scientifiques spill over leurs tentatives de tout expliquer de manire rationnelle etscientifique. Dans cet article, Pierre Karli essaie de mettre au point lesdiffrences fondamentales dans le d figure out entre la scholarship et la foi, tout enessayant de rapprocher les deux. Il trate dabord de la science et de la foi defaon shake offgorique, o il indique ce dont headland apporte chacun ainsi que les"collusions" dont il voit entre la foi et le pouvoir politique et entre la science et lepouvoir politique. Il saute ensuite vers une discussion de ltre humain et laquestion de l"instinct dagression" bourgeon out finalement tomber sur une discussion dudbat autour de la libert de lhomme.     Les diffrences entre la science et la foi ont t dbattues qualifiedlongtemps. Les scientifiques rejettent toute notion dun Dieu crateur, puisquilssont incapables de prouver de faon concrte son existence. Les religieuxcritiquent les scientifiques de toujours rationaliser et dessayer de tout mesurer. hit exemple, comment peut-on mesurer lamour? Les scientifiques peuvent-ilstout de mme nier lexistence de cette force, cette motion? De la part stilbesterolreligieux et croyants, le cas est de mme pour Dieu. Karli dit quon ne peut pascomparer ces deux aspects par contre, puisquils ne sont pas semblables. Leproblme se retrouve que les religieux se servent dune approche religieusepour examiner la science. De linverse pour les scientifiques lgard de lareligion. Mais ces deux champs ne peuvent pas tre examins de la mmemanire. Cest ici que provient les affrontements entre les deux.     La science se sert de raison pour pouvoir dcrire, mesurer et dmontrer. Les scientifiques e ssaient de tout mesurer, dcrire et dmontrer, mais arrivent un mur lorsquils regardent stilbesterol aspects mystiques ou religieux. La science, elle,nous permet une meilleure connaissance du monde et de notre relation aveccelle-ci. De son ct, la foi est "ladsion une vrit rvle, donne entireds le dpart, et qui rpond un besoin de transcendence, dabsolu." (Karli, p.138) Elle nous dit ce quon doit faire dans la vie pour doter celle-ci dun sens,dune raison dtre.     Mais pour Karli, ces deux ne sont pas mutuellement exclusifs commenous le ferait croire les participants des deux champs. Karli, comme dautresthologiens et religieux(Teilhard de Chardin, labb Laflamme1 entre autres)essaie de reconcilier la science et la religion. La libert de lhomme essays research written document      Comme nous lavons vu en classe, la science et la foi sont divissprofondment dans notre socit. Les scientifiques rejettent, de faon assezgnrale tout ce dont t ouche la foi. De leur part, les religieux sen prennentaux scientifiques pour leurs tentatives de tout expliquer de manire rationnelle etscientifique. Dans cet article, Pierre Karli essaie de mettre au point lesdiffrences fondamentales dans le dbat entre la science et la foi, tout enessayant de rapprocher les deux. Il trate dabord de la science et de la foi defaon catgorique, o il indique ce dont nous apporte chacun ainsi que les"collusions" dont il voit entre la foi et le pouvoir politique et entre la science et lepouvoir politique. Il saute ensuite vers une discussion de ltre humain et laquestion de l"instinct dagression" pour finalement tomber sur une discussion dudbat autour de la libert de lhomme.     Les diffrences entre la science et la foi ont t dbattues pendantlongtemps. Les scientifiques rejettent toute notion dun Dieu crateur, puisquilssont incapables de prouver de faon concrte son existence. Les religieuxcritiquent les scientifiques de toujours rationaliser et dessayer de tout mesurer. Par exemple, comment peut-on mesurer lamour? Les scientifiques peuvent-ilstout de mme nier lexistence de cette force, cette motion? De la part desreligieux et croyants, le cas est de mme pour Dieu. Karli dit quon ne peut pascomparer ces deux aspects par contre, puisquils ne sont pas semblables. Leproblme se retrouve que les religieux se servent dune approche religieusepour examiner la science. De linverse pour les scientifiques lgard de lareligion. Mais ces deux champs ne peuvent pas tre examins de la mmemanire. Cest ici que provient les affrontements entre les deux.     La science se sert de raison pour pouvoir dcrire, mesurer et dmontrer. Les scientifiques essaient de tout mesurer, dcrire et dmontrer, mais arrivent un mur lorsquils regardent des aspects mystiques ou religieux. La science, elle,nous permet une meilleure connaissance du monde et de notre relation aveccelle-ci. De son ct, la foi est "ladsion une vrit rvle, donne entireds le dpart, et qui rpond un besoin de transcendence, dabsolu." (Karli, p.138) Elle nous dit ce quon doit faire dans la vie pour doter celle-ci dun sens,dune raison dtre.     Mais pour Karli, ces deux ne sont pas mutuellement exclusifs commenous le ferait croire les participants des deux champs. Karli, comme dautresthologiens et religieux(Teilhard de Chardin, labb Laflamme1 entre autres)essaie de reconcilier la science et la religion.

Phaedra Essay -- essays research papers

Theseus was the word of honor either of Poseidon or Aegeus the king of capital of Greece. His mother was Aethra. The unfruitful Aegeus consulted the Delphic Oracle and was told not to untie his wine skin until he returned home. He did not understand what the oracle meant and so visited his friend pansy Pittheus of Troezen. Realizing that Aegeus was going to beget a powerful son immediately aft(prenominal) the celebration feast for his safe return to Athens, Pittheus made his guest sot and put him to bed with his daughter Aethra, and so Theseus was conceived. Before he go away for home, Aegeus took the pregnant Aethra to a great boulder underneath which he determined his sword and sandals. He told her that, should she have a son, she must wait until he was strong enough to raise the boulder before she sent him to his fathers court. after Aegeus departure the wily Pittheus said his daughters lover was really Poseidon. When Theseus came of age, Aethra explained that he was heri tor to the Athenian throne and he retrieved the sword and sandals. On his journey to Athens he slew several desperate bandits, a fearsome son of Hephaistos, and a dreadful sow, the daughter of the monster Typhon. At Eleusis, then a kingdom separate from Athens, Theseus was forced to accept the challenge of a grapple match with its king, Cercyon. The aggressive ruler died as a result of the contest, so Theseus became king of Eleusis, which he later added to the Athenian kingdom. On his arrival in Athens, Theseus learned that his father A...

Various Factors Explaining Why Boys are Boys and Men are Men :: Mens Health Male Roles Society Essays

unlike Factors Explaining Why Boys argon Boys and Men ar Men This paper is sacking to describe various key factors explaining why boys are boys, men are men, and how boys adapt in this male dominant society to become men. festering up in Pensacola Florida in a single parent hearthstone wasnt something I wished are hoped for, but something I had to adapt to. My mother, steady though she couldnt be the male role model I needed, help me understand what roles Im expected to take as a young man. Let the boys be boys, was a phrase utilise by hip hop legends onyx portraying a mess succession that boys are going to be boys no matter what. So I entreat my self what makes a boy, a boy? Rambo like characteristics? Muscles? Short pilus? Wearing T-shirts and jeans or gyping with sporting equipment? Well last I remember the main characteristics that boys shared were penises. The role gender association play in the lives of our children can sometimes affect them negatively. The messag es that gender roles send, is that in rewrite to be part of society, you must fit into the norm trying to effect what society expects of you But all the while, trying to incorporate individuality and establishing ones mind of self. Two conflicting ideas that can confuse a child and excessively alter the way they live their lives.There are two colourize that are designated to babies that serve one purpose and one purpose only. approximately infant boys were the color blue and girls wear knap. Seeing that it is difficult to mark off the sex of an infant without general exposure to the genitals, mostparents choose to grace theyre young child in the respective colors so people will know whether it is a boy or a girl. After all, what male infant wears pink? When the children grow older, do they gloss over carry the practice the color identification game? This iswhere it changes, When boys reach the age where they start dressing themselves and start buying their own clothes, th ey will continue to wear the blues and the greens and even so yellows and reds, but not pink or violet, cause those are girly colors. Girls on the other hand, when they reach the resembling age still continue to wear the pink and violets and can even wear the blues, yellows, blacks, and greens. So why can girls make the cross-over without being beleaguer or mocked but boys cant without being called a gay or a fagot.

Genii’s In the Making Essay -- Science Technology Mechanics Essays

Geniis In the Making molecular machines of nano technology will increase, by orders of magnitude, our individual and collective capacity to transform desires into material reality(Crandall, viii). What is the finis of technology? Most answers include some form of ways of increase speed, or decreasing size all for the ultimate purpose of convenience. Ok, so what is convenience? Convenience is the skill level at which something can be achieved, in other words, how desires can be met. So the true goal of technology is to assist in meeting desires. The quicker and smaller technology is, the easier it is to obtain those desires. Nanotechnology is the newest wave of technology that will potentially get out a huge breakthrough in technologys goal. Though not a science secure as of yet in our world, it is hold for the time to make its momentous break though into the modern world, pitch with it a global effect on the human way of life.Nanotechnology is be as a technology ex ecuted on the scale of little than 100 nanometers, the goal of which is to control individual atoms and molecules, especially to create estimator chips and other microscopic devices (Websters Dictionary, 1999). In the early 1970s an MIT student by the name of K. Eric Drexler came up with the idea of manufacturing things, both biological and non-biological, from the molecular level up. Drexler noticed the amazing talents of natural biology and wondered if humans could pantomime biology on a mechanical level, what if you were able to design them molecular machines and take them to do, locally, the kinds of thing you see them doing in nature, but yet have those part molecular machines fit together in a new way to make apattern... ...M., Lewis, J. (1995). Prospects in Nanotechnology Toward Molecular Manufacturing. New York, NY John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4)Random House Websters College Dictionary (1999). New York, NY Random House, Inc.5)Hengerer, R., Illsley, M. Nanotechnology and Business The Power of Being Small. 03/07/05 www.accenture.com.6)Ghandchi. S. Is Nanotechnology historical?. (03/07/05) www.iranscope.com.7)Ricadela, A. Q&A Former Intel Exec and Direction Les Valdasz. (03/16/05)www.informationweek.com/shared.printableAriThe cleSrc.jhtml?artivclID=60401273.8)Stodder, D (April, 2004). The Mobil Mandate. (03/16/05) www.intelligententerprise.com/ word=18700554.9)Ricadela.A.( 10/18/2004). What the Future Holds. (3/16/2005) www.informationweek.com10)Ricadela, A. (02/01/2005). HP Reports A Nanotech Breakthrough. (3/16/05) www.informationweek.com.

Walking through the Woods :: Personal Narrative

So I went home this weekend, and in my neighborhood in that location is a small pond and all behind it is just woods. Ive traveled in these woods as a little put one over numerous quantify, with my friend and her father and he would teach us much or less the different bugs, trees and rocks we encountered along the way. Going back in the woods this erstwhile(prenominal) weekend, I was overcome with a feeling of nostalgia. I remember the times we would try to climb the trees, or chase after the grasshoppers or redden just walk around and all the manoeuvre we used to have. pass through the woods alone made me miss all the fun times I had as a claw. As I child I was carefree, I knew who my friends were and I had no worries about trust and my relationships with others. exploitation up, especially in college Ive began to question my friends, I have a whole lot more stress and things are definitely non as simple as they once used to be. The woods were the same woods they used to be, not much has changed, but the person travel through them has. I can not even remember the live time I entered the woods behind the pond, but I endure one thing for sure that I have grown up so much since then. Walking through the forest I began to mobilise of all the ways I have changed and I realized a few things. Physically, obviously, my appearance has changed, but emotionally I have changed a whole lot more. I have began to lead a more stressful life, with school work, friends and family always a constant thought in my mind. I have learned that I have begun to trust commonwealth too easily and then in the end I am always hurt. I have learned that people are not always who they say or portray themselves as. I do not regret all the things that I have learned, I am very quite grateful for them. Without all these changes I would not have been capable to grow into the person I am today.

What is science? :: essays research papers

Science is a system of understanding how things do. It is important because we need science in order for things to work and to develop new engine room that is used in every twenty-four hours life. It is personally important to me because I really want to become a vet when I get older and I would need to do really well in science. Even though science isnt exactly my best subject, I am willing to put in the hard work and determination so I may in the end get better and learn what I need to k directly.Science affects the domain in many an(prenominal) different ways. With the technologies that have been discovered we can now tell how warm or cold it will be for the succeeding(a) week, we will know when a tornado, hurricane, eruption or any other(a) sorts of natural disasters will occur before they actually happen. This also helps reveal all communities. My family loves to travel, and if airplanes werent invented we wouldnt be able to go to many places. We also need microwaves, stoves and ovens in order for us to eat supper, and fridges and freezers for us to honour our food in. We also enjoy watching television and movies, and I love talking on the telephone and listening to music. Without science no(prenominal) of these things would be possible. Everyone benefits from science because almost everything has something to do with or involves science. In the future, technology will be even more updated. Phones, televisions, personal stereos, computers etc., will keep getting smaller and smaller and more useful. Science will in spades make things a lot easier in the future.Science is everywhere you everlastingly see it in every day life. Like when you get a ride to school from your parents, watch TV, talk on the phone, and listen to music, thats using science. When you pass buildings science was used to build them. My favorite plain of science is definitely Zoology because it has to do with animals and they are my passion.

History :: essays research papers

Robert E. Lee this Confederate commander outgeneraled McClellan. Jefferson Davis first and lead death chair of the confederacy, he wasnt a very good president even though he served at the Mexican war.Ulysses S. subsidisation wasnt good at anything leave off war, but he was one of the outdo at that. With the help of gunboats, Grant captured two major Confederate forts build up Henry on the Tennessee river and fort Donelson on the Cumberland river. The latter exploit gained him a nickname. When the Confederate commander asked for surrender terms, Grant replied No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. From then on, Grant was known as unconditional surrender Grant.Abraham LincolnStonewall capital of Mississippi commanded an army from Virginia. Got the name Stonewall for being the main rason the confederate won the first battle of bull run.William T. Sherman commander general appointed by Grant to command the Union army in Tennessee. His army was capa ble to fight I way from Tennessee through Georgia to the Atlantic shore and then move north through the Carolinas.P.G.T. Beaureguard commander general for the confederate army, April 12th 1861 he gave order to fire the cannon at Fort Sumter. This was the start of the Civil War.William McClellan Copperheads Northern DemocratsIronclads first type of submarines. Did not exploit a big role but where new technology do during the war.Ft. Sumter By the time Lincoln was inaugurated this was one of the last two forts in confederate states that remained in Union hands. It stood at the mouth of the harbor in Charleston, South Carolina. It was built out of heavy brick but was within voiced range of cannon positioned on the nearby shore. Confederates wanted to take support of this fort because it symbolized union power. On April 12th when the first shots were fire on Ft. Sumter is began the Civil War. Battle of Antietam First battle of Bull Run here(predicate) at the little creek of Bull R un Northern soldiers confronted an every bit inexperienced Confederate army. The civilian population was similarly unacquainted with the realities of war. In Washington ladies and gentlemen put on their best clothes and mounted their carriages and horses. Carrying childs play baskets and iced champagne they rode out to observe the battle. At first the Union forces had the speed hand. In the middle of the day more Virginian troops arrived with Stonewall Jackson. The do a very strong stand which gave their general the name Stonewall.

Shakespeares Othello - Desdemona the Ideal Essay -- Othello essays

Desdemona the Ideal What wife can equal to the ideal wife which the Bard of Avon has painted for us in his catastrophe Othello? She is appreciated by everyone except the villain. Angela Pitt in Women in Shakespeares Tragedies comments on Desdemona as the ideal wife Handbooks of the period explain in few detail what is required of the ideal wife, and Desdemona seems to fulfill even the most conservativist expectation. She is beautiful and also humble A maiden never filmy Of spirit so still and quiet that her motion Blushed at herself. (I.iii.) Her tie in for Cassio shows her generosity, for she will intercede for him with Othello. She is wise, and also a true and loving wife the sweetest innocent that eer did lift up eye. (44-45) David Bevington in William Shakespeare foursome Tragedies describes the depth of virtue within this tragic heroine We count her Desdemona when she says that she does non even know what it means to be unfaithful the word woman of the stree t is not in her vocabulary. She is defenseless against the charges brought against her because she does not even comprehend them, cannot believe that anyone would imagine such things. Her love, both erotic and chaste, is of that transcendent wholesomeness common to several(prenominal) late Shakespearean heroines . . .. Her preferring Othello to her father, like Cordelias placing her duty to a keep up before that to a father, is not ungrateful but natural and proper. (221) Blanche Coles in Shakespeares Four Giants interprets the protagonists very meaningful four-word salute to Desdemona which he utters upon disembarking in Cyprus Othellos four words, O, my souls joy, tel... ...mind shadower the murder results in Iagos murder of her. Gullible Othello, grief-stricken by remorse for the tragic mistake he has made, stabs himself and dies on the bed abutting to his wife, his sorrow being as deep as his love for Desdemona preliminary to Iagos machinations. WORKS CITED Bevington, David, ed. William Shakespeare Four Tragedies. New York Bantam Books, 1980. Coles, Blanche. Shakespeares Four Giants. Rindge, New Hampshire Richard Smith Publisher, 1957. Pitt, Angela. Women in Shakespeares Tragedies. Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeares Women. N.p. n.p., 1981. Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http//www.eiu.edu/multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.

Kants Attack on the Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Kants Attack on the amphibology of the Concepts of ReflectionABSTRACT In the neglected Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection, Kant introduces a spick-and-span obscure activity, Transcendental Deliberation (Kemp Smith calls it Transcendental Reflection). It aims to determine to which faculty a representation belongs and does so by examining the representations relationships to other representations. This enterprise yields some strong ideas. (1) Some of the relationships studied have great interest, numerical identity in particular. Indeed, seeing Kant discuss it here, one wonders why he did not embarrass it in the plug-in of Categories. (2) Kant gives a solid aim for the necessity of a sensible element in representations, something not found elsewhere in the Transcendental Analytic. In the neglected Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection, Kant introduces a new transcendental activity, Transcendental Deliberation (Kemp Smith calls it Transcendental Reflection). It aims to dete rmine to which faculty a representation belongs and does so by examining the representations relationships to other representations. This enterprise yields some tidy ideas. (1) Some of the relationships studied have great interest, numerical identity in particular. Indeed, seeing Kant discuss it here, one wonders why he did not embroil it in the Table of Categories. (2) Kant gives a solid argument for the necessity of a sensible element in representations, something not found elsewhere in the Transcendental Analytic.The Transcendental Analytic of Kants Critique of Pure Reason ends with a little appendix on what Kant calls the Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection. As an appendix, the passage is more(prenominal) than a little curious. The point that Kant take downtually gets around to defending, that we are cognisant only of appearances, not things as they are in themselves, is familiar, but the argument that Kant now gives for it is entirely new and so interesting that one wo nders why Kant relegated it to an appendix. Second, the passage introduces an important new concept, namely, numerical identity. For the first time in the Critique so far, Kant treats the notion separately and gives it important work to do. The Table of Categories does not so much as mention numerical identity, even though the concept would seem to be at least as good a candidate for categorial status as, say, modality.Third, the passage argues for the necessitate that knowledge requires sensible intuitions as well as concepts. Prior to the Amphiboly Kant has of course asserted this many times but try to pick up an argument Here he offers one.